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Boniface IX died in 1404 after a brief illness. [4] Boniface IX was a frank politician, strapped for cash like the other princes of Europe, as the costs of modern warfare rose and supporters needed to be encouraged by gifts, for fourteenth-century government depended upon such personal support as a temporal ruler could gather and retain.
Pope Urban VI. Pope Urban VI (r. 1378–1389) created 42 cardinals in four consistories held throughout his pontificate. In 1381 he named his future successor Pope Boniface IX as a cardinal.
The 1404 papal conclave (October 10 to October 17) – the papal conclave of the time of the Great Western Schism, convened after the death of Pope Boniface IX, it elected Cardinal Cosimo Gentile Migliorati, who under the name of Innocent VII became the third pope of the Roman Obedience.
There have been 266 popes: 217 from Italy (Including Pope Paul I, II, III, IV, V, VI, Pope Pius I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII); 16 from France (Pope Sylvester II, Pope Stephen IX, Pope Nicholas II, Pope Urban II, Pope Callistus II, Pope Urban IV, Pope Clement IV, Pope Innocent V, Pope Martin IV, Pope Clement V, Pope John XXII, Pope Benedict XII, Pope Clement VI, Pope ...
Pope John XII (955–964), who gave land to a mistress, murdered several people, and was killed by a man who caught him in bed with his wife. Pope Benedict IX (1032–1044, 1045, 1047–1048), who "sold" the Papacy. Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303), who is lampooned in Dante's Divine Comedy.
Establishing cardinal-bishops as the sole electors of the pope. [2] 1079 Libertas ecclesiae ("The liberty of the Church") Gregory VII: About Church's independence from imperial authority and interference. 1079 Antiqua sanctorum patrum ("The old (traces of the) holy fathers") Granted the church of Lyon primacy over the churches of Gaul. 1095 ...
Pope Boniface IX (1389–1404) lived in Perugia from September 1392 until 1393 during the Western Schism. [12] His legate, Pileo, the archbishop of Ravenna, had been guarding the citadel and the city in his absence. [12] While in the city, Boniface IX recalled the Guelphic exiles and achieved a military victory against Giovanni Sciarra da Vico ...
Pope Boniface IX was able to wrest Viterbo back into the papal state and rebuilt the castle. In 1438, Cardinal Giovanni Vitelleschi allowed the townspeople to again raze the fortress. Nineteen years later, under Pope Calixtus III, the fortress was again rebuilt starting in 1457. To do so, various confiscated properties in town, including the ...