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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder [1] characterized by tremors, slow movement, muscle rigidity, postural instability (collectively ...
They include multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), may or may not be part of the PD spectrum, but it is increasingly recognized as the second-most common type of neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's disease.
Cerebral atrophy is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. [1] Atrophy of any tissue means a decrement in the size of the cell, which can be due to progressive loss of cytoplasmic proteins. In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them.
Cerebral atrophy; Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy; Cerebral dysgenesis–neuropathy–ichthyosis–keratoderma syndrome; Cerebral gigantism; Cerebral palsy; Cerebral vasculitis; Cerebrospinal fluid leak; Cervical spinal stenosis; Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease; Chiari malformation; Chorea
Neurofibromatosis type II (NF2), on the other hand, may present with early-onset hearing loss, cataracts, tinnitus, difficulty walking or maintaining balance, and muscle atrophy. [2] The third type is called schwannomatosis and often presents in early adulthood with widespread pain, numbness, or tingling due to nerve compression. [3]
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS type 1 and type 2), sometimes referred to by the hyponyms reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or reflex neurovascular dystrophy (RND), is a rare and severe form of neuroinflammatory and dysautonomic disorder causing chronic pain, neurovascular, and neuropathic symptoms.
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), popularly known as Kennedy's disease, is a rare, adult-onset, X-linked recessive lower motor neuron disease caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansions in exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene, which results in both loss of AR function and toxic gain of function.
Autopsy on one of the sister with Behr Syndrome revealed central atrophy of the optic nerves and total disarray of the normal laminar pattern of the lateral geniculate nucleus, dropout of neurons, and gliosis. There were numerous axonal spheroids in the neuropil. Similar spheroids with cell loss and gliosis were also observed in other thalamic ...