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  2. Peptide synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide_synthesis

    To illustrate the impact of suboptimal coupling yields for a given synthesis, consider the case where each coupling step were to have at least 99% yield: this would result in a 77% overall crude yield for a 26-amino acid peptide (assuming 100% yield in each deprotection); if each coupling were 95% efficient, the overall yield would be 25%.

  3. PyAOP reagent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyAOP_reagent

    PyAOP ((7-Azabenzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate) is a reagent used to prepare amides from carboxylic acids and amines in the context of peptide synthesis. [1] It can be prepared from 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt) and a chlorophosphonium reagent under basic conditions. [ 2 ]

  4. 1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole

    1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt) is a triazole used as a peptide coupling reagent. [2] It suppresses racemization that can otherwise occur during the reaction. [3] HOAt has a melting point of 213-216 °C. [4]

  5. Ethyl cyanohydroxyiminoacetate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_cyanohydroxyiminoacetate

    Ethyl cyanohydroxyiminoacetate (oxyma) is the oxime of ethyl cyanoacetate and finds use as an additive for carbodiimides, such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in peptide synthesis. It acts as a neutralizing reagent for the basicity or nucleophilicity of the DCC due to its pronounced acidity ( pKa 4.60) and suppresses base catalyzed side ...

  6. HBTU - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HBTU

    HBTU (Hexafluorophosphate Benzotriazole Tetramethyl Uronium) is a coupling reagent used in solid phase peptide synthesis. It was introduced in 1978 and shows resistance against racemization. It was introduced in 1978 and shows resistance against racemization.

  7. Carbonyldiimidazole - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyldiimidazole

    The proposed mechanism for the reaction between a carboxylic acid and CDI is presented below. [4] In the realm of peptide synthesis, this product may be treated with an amine such as that found on an amino acid to release the imidazole group and couple the peptides. The side products, carbon dioxide and imidazole, are relatively innocuous. [5]

  8. BOP reagent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BOP_reagent

    BOP (benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate) is a reagent commonly used for the synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amines in peptide synthesis. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can be prepared from 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and a chlorophosphonium reagent under basic conditions. [ 3 ]

  9. PyBOP - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyBOP

    PyBOP (benzotriazol-1-yloxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate) is a reagent used to prepare amides from carboxylic acids and amines in the context of peptide synthesis. [3] It can be prepared from 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and a chlorophosphonium reagent under basic conditions. [4]