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Photograph of the Karnak Temple complex taken in 1914, Cornell University Library. The history of the Karnak Temple complex is largely the history of Thebes.The city does not appear to have been of any significance before the Eleventh Dynasty, and any temple building here would have been relatively small and unimportant, with any shrines being dedicated to the early god of Thebes, Montu. [1]
The Karnak Temple Complex, commonly known as Karnak (/ ˈ k ɑːr. n æ k /), [1] comprises a vast mix of temples, pylons, chapels, and other buildings near Luxor, Egypt.. Construction at the complex began during the reign of Senusret I (reigned 1971–1926 BC) in the Middle Kingdom (c. 2000–1700 BC) and continued into the Ptolemaic Kingdom (305–30 BC), although most of the extant ...
The Great Karnak Inscription is located on the west (inside) of the east wall of the Cachette Court, in the Precinct of Amun-Re of the Karnak temple complex, in modern Luxor. It runs from the fourth pylon of the great sanctuary to the eighth pylon. [1] It was first identified by Champollion, and later partly published by Karl Richard Lepsius. [2]
Entrance to the Great Hypostyle Hall The Great Hypostyle Hall of Karnak. The Great Hypostyle Hall is located within the Karnak Temple Complex, in the Precinct of Amon-Re. It is one of the most visited monuments of Ancient Egypt. The structure was built around the 19th Egyptian Dynasty (c. 1290 –1224 BC). [1]
In 1927, the dismantled pieces were found inside the Third Pylon of the main temple, constructed in the time of Amenhotep III, at Karnak, and between 1927 and 1930 all of the pieces were carefully removed. These pieces were then assembled into the building that is seen today in the Karnak Open Air Museum. [3] The White Chapel is made of limestone.
Although Karnak had been known to Europeans since the end of the Middle Ages, the possible significance of the Bubastite Portal was not apparent prior to the decipherment of hieroglyphs. Jean-François Champollion visited Karnak in 1828, six years after his publication of the Rosetta Stone translation. In his letters he wrote:
His campaign records, found in the Bubastite Portal at Karnak and a relief at el-Hibeh, list several conquered towns but fail to mention Jerusalem. The omission has sparked various theories, with some scholars questioning the historical accuracy of the Biblical account and others suggesting possible explanations for the omission.
The Red Chapel of Hatshepsut at Karnak near Thebes as seen from the east. The Red Chapel of Hatshepsut or the Chapelle rouge was a religious shrine in Ancient Egypt.. The chapel was originally constructed as a barque shrine during the reign of Hatshepsut.