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In continuum mechanics, a power-law fluid, or the Ostwald–de Waele relationship, is a type of generalized Newtonian fluid. This mathematical relationship is useful because of its simplicity, but only approximately describes the behaviour of a real non-Newtonian fluid.
Fluid balance is an aspect of the homeostasis of organisms in which the amount of water in the organism needs to be controlled, via osmoregulation and behavior, such that the concentrations of electrolytes (salts in solution) in the various body fluids are kept within healthy ranges.
The Ostwald and de Waele equation can be written in a logarithmic form: log ( τ ) = log ( K ) + n log ( γ ˙ ) {\displaystyle \log(\tau )=\log(K)+n\log \left({\dot {\gamma }}\right)} The apparent viscosity is defined as η = τ γ ˙ {\displaystyle \eta ={\tau \over {\dot {\gamma }}}} , and this may be plugged into the Ostwald ...
Armand Michel A. de Waele FRIC FInstP (17 November 1887 – December 1966) was a British chemist, noted for his contributions to rheology, and after whom the Ostwald–de Waele relationship for non-Newtonian fluids is named. [1] De Waele was born in Islington, London, in 1887, the son of a Belgian father and French mother.
Blood–gas partition coefficient, also known as Ostwald coefficient for blood–gas, [1] is a term used in pharmacology to describe the solubility of inhaled general anesthetics in blood. [2]
Conversely, excessive fluid intake dilutes the extracellular fluid causing the hypothalamus to register hypotonic hyponatremia conditions. When the hypothalamus detects a hypertonic extracellular environment, it causes the secretion of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH) called vasopressin which acts on the effector organ, which in this case is the ...
Ostwald ripening is a phenomenon observed in solid solutions and liquid sols that involves the change of an inhomogeneous structure over time, in that small crystals or sol particles first dissolve and then redeposit onto larger crystals or sol particles.
Osmoregulation is the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and the concentration of electrolytes (salts in solution which in this case is represented by body fluid) to keep the body fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.