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It is a form of cardiac arrhythmia in which ectopic foci within either ventricular or atrial myocardium, or from finer branches of the electric transduction system, cause additional beats of the heart. Some medications may worsen the phenomenon. [citation needed] Ectopic beats are considered normal and are not indicative of cardiac pathology.
A supraventricular extrasystole (SVES) is an extrasystole or premature electrical impulse in the heart, generated above the level of the ventricle. This can be either a premature atrial contraction or a premature impulse from the atrioventricular node .
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is an umbrella term for fast heart rhythms arising from the upper part of the heart. [2] This is in contrast to the other group of fast heart rhythms – ventricular tachycardia , which start within the lower chambers of the heart . [ 2 ]
Bigeminy is a cardiac arrhythmia in which there is a single ectopic beat, or irregular heartbeat, following each regular heartbeat. Most often this is due to ectopic beats occurring so frequently that there is one after each sinus beat, or normal heartbeat. The two beats are figuratively similar to two twins (hence bi-+ gemini).
Premature ventricular contraction usually originates from an area of Ectopic focus. In this illustration ectopic area is near papillary muscles in the left ventricle. Most commonly in healthy hearts PVCs occur near right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). A premature ventricular contraction on an EKG, marked by the arrow: Specialty: Cardiology
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a type of supraventricular tachycardia, named for its intermittent episodes of abrupt onset and termination. [3] [6] Often people have no symptoms. [1] Otherwise symptoms may include palpitations, feeling lightheaded, sweating, shortness of breath, and chest pain. [2] The cause is not known. [3]
Ventricular ectopy seen on a surface EKG in the setting of ACM is typically of left bundle branch block (LBBB) morphology, with a QRS axis of −90 to +110 degrees. The origin of the ectopic beats is usually from one of the three regions of fatty degeneration (the "triangle of dysplasia"): the RV outflow tract, the RV inflow tract, and the RV apex.
An ectopic pacemaker, also known as ectopic focus or ectopic foci, is an excitable group of cells that causes a premature heart beat outside the normally functioning SA node of the heart. It is thus a cardiac pacemaker that is ectopic , producing an ectopic beat .