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The coat of arms of Karelia, first used in 1562 Map of North Karelia (green) and South Karelia (yellow) regions, border of the historical province of Karelia in red. Karelia (Finnish: Karjala: Swedish: Karelen) is a historical province of Finland, consisting of the modern-day Finnish regions of South Karelia and North Karelia plus the historical regions of Ladoga Karelia and the Karelian ...
Karelia is politically divided between Finland and Russia. The Republic of Karelia is a federal subject of Russia formed in 1991 from the Karelian ASSR. The Karelian Isthmus belongs to the Leningrad Oblast. The Finnish side consists of parts of the regions (maakunta) of South Karelia, North Karelia and Kymenlaakso.
Map showing areas ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union; Porkkala was returned to Finland in 1956. The Karelian question or Karelian issue (Finnish: Karjala-kysymys, Swedish: Karelska frågan, Russian: Карельский вопрос) is a dispute in Finnish politics over whether to try to regain control over eastern Karelia and other territories ceded to the Soviet Union in the Winter War ...
The ceding of the eastern half of Finnish Karelia to the Soviets caused considerable bitterness in Finland, which had lost Viipuri (Finland's second-largest [Population Register] or fourth-largest [Church and Civil Register] city, depending on the census data [22]), its industrial heartland along the River Vuoksi, half of the Saimaa canal that ...
From 1918 to 1922, Finland made several attempts to expand into Eastern Karelia with some support by local Karelians. Several thousands of eastern Karelians migrated to Finland by 1922 from different parts of Eastern Karelia. After the Winter War, Finland had to cede the Karelian Isthmus and Ladoga Karelia to the USSR.
The East Karelian Uprising (Finnish: itäkarjalaisten kansannousu, Karelian: päivännouzu karjalan kanzannouzu) and the Soviet–Finnish conflict 1921–1922 were an attempt by a group of East Karelian separatists supported by Finland to gain independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
As a result of the 1940 Moscow Peace Treaty that concluded the Winter War, Finland ceded a portion of Finnish Karelia along with other territories to the Soviet Union. As a result, about 410,000 people, [1] or 12% of Finland's population, were relocated to the remaining parts of Finland. [2]
Karelianists travelled to both Finnish Karelia and East Karelia, and created numerous works of art glorifying the nature and mysticism they saw in Karelia. [6] This also resulted in the creation of Kalevala, Finland's national epic. Following the Winter War, a portion of Finnish Karelia was ceded to the Soviet Union.