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The WHO's 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion and then the 2005 Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a Globalized World defines health promotion as "the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health". [2] Health promotion is a multifaceted approach that goes ...
He defined the new field in this way, "Health psychology is the aggregate of the specific educational, scientific and professional contributions of the discipline of psychology to the promotion and maintenance of health, the prevention and treatment of illness, the identification of diagnostic and etiologic correlates of health, illness and ...
The transtheoretical model is also known by the abbreviation "TTM" [2] and sometimes by the term "stages of change", [3] although this latter term is a synecdoche since the stages of change are only one part of the model along with processes of change, levels of change, etc. [1] [4] Several self-help books—Changing for Good (1994), [5 ...
Workplace health promotion is the combined efforts of employers, employees, and society to improve the mental and physical health and well-being of people at work. [1] The term workplace health promotion denotes a comprehensive analysis and design of human and organizational work levels with the strategic aim of developing and improving health resources in an enterprise.
Nutrition – study of the relationship of food and drink to health and disease, especially in determining an optimal diet. Medical nutrition therapy is done by dietitians and is prescribed for diabetes , cardiovascular diseases , weight and eating disorders , allergies, malnutrition , and neoplastic diseases.
Physical fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of sports, occupations, and daily activities. Physical fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, [1] moderate-vigorous physical exercise, [2] and sufficient rest along with a formal recovery plan. [3]
The 3-4-50 concept [5] outlines that there are 3 behaviors (poor diet, little to no physical activity, and smoking), that lead to four diseases (heart disease/stroke, diabetes, cancer, pulmonary disease), that account for 50% of deaths worldwide. This is why so much emphasis in public health interventions have been on changing behaviors or ...
Preventive healthcare strategies are described as taking place at the primal, [2] primary, [13] secondary, and tertiary prevention levels. Although advocated as preventive medicine in the early twentieth century by Sara Josephine Baker, [14] in the 1940s, Hugh R. Leavell and E. Gurney Clark coined the term primary prevention.