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The redback spider (Latrodectus hasselti), also known as the Australian black widow, [2] [3] [4] is a species of highly venomous spider believed to originate in Australia but now, Southeast Asia and New Zealand, it has also been found in packing crates in the United States with colonies elsewhere outside Australia. [5]
Latrodectus hasselti, the redback spider. The widow spiders (genus Latrodectus), such as the black widow, redback spider, and katipō are spiders that carry a neurotoxic venom [18] which can cause a set of symptoms known as Latrodectism. Widow spiders are large, shiny house spiders with relatively spindly legs and deep, globular abdomens.
The eye arrangement of spiders in the genus Latrodectus. Female widow spiders are typically dark brown or a shiny black in colour when they are full grown, usually exhibiting a red or orange hourglass on the ventral surface (underside) of the abdomen; some may have a pair of red spots or have no marking at all.
Latrodectism (/ l æ t r ə ˈ d ɛ k t ɪ z əm /) is the illness caused by the bite of Latrodectus spiders (the black widow spider and related species). Pain, muscle rigidity, vomiting, and sweating are the symptoms of latrodectism.
The venom of widow spiders (Latrodectus) contains several protein toxins, called latrotoxins, which selectively target either vertebrates, insects or crustaceans. One of these toxins is α-latrotoxin and targets selectively against vertebrates; it is ineffective in insects and crustaceans. α-LTX has a high affinity for receptors that are ...
Phidippus johnsoni, the red-backed jumping spider or Johnson jumping spider, is one of the largest and most commonly encountered jumping spiders of western North America. It is not to be confused with the unrelated and highly venomous redback spider ( Latrodectus hasselti ).
Redback spider. Australia has a number of highly venomous spiders, including the Sydney funnel-web spider, [1] its relatives in the family Hexathelidae, and the redback spider, whose bites can be extremely painful and have historically been linked with deaths in medical records. [2]
The spider lacks the bright red markings found on other widow spiders such as the black widow, the redback spider, or L. tredecimguttatus. Other than colouration, the white widow is similar in appearance to other spiders of the genus. When it comes to mating, widow spiders are a good example of high investment of males in a single mating.