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Starting from the differential equations that describe heat transfer, several "simple" correlations between effectiveness and NTU can be made. [2] For brevity, below summarizes the Effectiveness-NTU correlations for some of the most common flow configurations: For example, the effectiveness of a parallel flow heat exchanger is calculated with:
Tubular heat exchanger Partial view into inlet plenum of shell and tube heat exchanger of a refrigerant based chiller for providing air-conditioning to a building. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. [1]
It is a kind of exchange using counter flow arrangement. The maximum amount of heat or mass transfer that can be obtained is higher with countercurrent than co-current (parallel) exchange because countercurrent maintains a slowly declining difference or gradient (usually temperature or concentration difference). In cocurrent exchange the ...
The fins also serve to increase the structural integrity of the heat exchanger and allow it to withstand high pressures while providing an extended surface area for heat transfer. A high degree of flexibility is present in plate-fin heat exchanger design as they can operate with any combination of gas, liquid, and two-phase fluids. [ 3 ]
Types of recuperator, or cross plate heat exchanger. A recuperator (electro- end carbogidro-) - is a special purpose counter-flow energy recovery heat exchanger positioned within the supply and exhaust air streams of an air handling system, or in the exhaust gases of an industrial process, in order to recover the waste heat. Generally, they are ...
Temperature vs. heat load diagram of hot stream (H 2 O entering at 20 bar, 473.15 K, and 4 kg/s) and cold stream (R-11 entering at 18 bar, 303.15 K, and 5 kg/s) in a counter-flow heat exchanger. "Pinch" is the point of closest approach between the hot and cold streams in the T vs. H diagram.
Concentric Tube (or Pipe) Heat Exchangers are used in a variety of industries for purposes such as material processing, food preparation, and air-conditioning. [1] They create a temperature driving force by passing fluid streams of different temperatures parallel to each other, separated by a physical boundary in the form of a pipe.
This is a heat resistance at the surface between the helium liquids and the solid body of the heat exchanger. It is inversely proportional to T 4 and the heat-exchanging surface area A . In other words: to get the same heat resistance one needs to increase the surface by a factor 10,000 if the temperature reduces by a factor 10.