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The Encumbered Estates' Court was established by an act of the British Parliament in 1849, the Incumbered Estates (Ireland) Act 1849 (12 & 13 Vict. c. 77), to facilitate the sale of Irish estates whose owners, because of the Great Famine, were unable to meet their obligations. [1]
The Great Famine, also known as the Great Hunger (Irish: an Gorta Mór [ənˠ ˈɡɔɾˠt̪ˠə ˈmˠoːɾˠ]), the Famine and the Irish Potato Famine, [1] [2] was a period of mass starvation and disease in Ireland lasting from 1845 to 1852 that constituted a historical social crisis and had a major impact on Irish society and history as a whole. [3]
In the period it has lasted since 1845, one million people have emigrated from Ireland. The Irish now make up a quarter of the population of Liverpool, Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore; and a half of Toronto. Tenant farmer Michael O'Regan emigrates from County Tipperary to London.
In September 1914, just as the First World War broke out, the UK Parliament finally passed the Government of Ireland Act 1914 to establish self-government for Ireland, condemned by the dissident nationalists' All-for-Ireland League party as a "partition deal". The Act was suspended for the duration of the war, expected to last only a year.
An 1849 depiction of Bridget O'Donnell and her two children during the famine. The chronology of the Great Famine (Irish: An Gorta Mór [1] or An Drochshaol, lit. ' The Bad Life ') documents a period of Irish history between 29 November 1845 and 1852 [2] during which time the population of Ireland was reduced by 20 to 25 percent. [3]
The first two years of the Great Famine in Ireland of 1845–1852 forced a resolution because of the urgent need for new food supplies. The Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel , a Conservative , achieved repeal in 1846 with the support of the Whigs in Parliament, overcoming the opposition of most of his own party.
Phoenix, Arizona: there is a memorial in the form of a dolmen at the Irish Cultural Center. Portland, Oregon: the Oregon Irish Famine Memorial is a large Celtic cross carved in Donegal, Ireland, by Donegal born sculptor Brendan Mc Gloin. This 14 ft tall sandstone cross was hand carved in three sections over a two and a half year period.
9–10 November – Peel orders the secret purchase of £100,000 worth of maize and meal from the United States for distribution in Ireland. [5] [7] [8] 15 November – scientific commissioners (appointed in October) report that half the Irish potato crop has been destroyed by the blight. [5] 20 November – a relief commission for Ireland ...