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Areas where Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian were spoken by a plurality of speakers in 2006. Standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian are different national variants and official registers of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian language. [1] [2]: 451 [3]: 430 [4] [5] [6]
Serbo-Croatian (/ ˌ s ɜːr b oʊ k r oʊ ˈ eɪ ʃ ən / ⓘ SUR-boh-kroh-AY-shən) [10] [11] – also called Serbo-Croat (/ ˌ s ɜːr b oʊ ˈ k r oʊ æ t / SUR-boh-KROH-at), [10] [11] Serbo-Croat-Bosnian (SCB), [12] Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian (BCS), [13] and Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian (BCMS) [14] – is a South Slavic language and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia ...
Serbia includes the Bosnian language as an elective subject in primary schools. [51] Montenegro officially recognizes the Bosnian language: its 2007 Constitution specifically states that although Montenegrin is the official language, Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian and Croatian are also in official use. [16] [52]
Serbo-Croatian is a South Slavic language with four national standards. The Eastern Herzegovinian Neo-Shtokavian dialect forms the basis for Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian (the four national standards).
Standard Croatian is the official language of the Republic of Croatia [53] and, along with Standard Bosnian and Standard Serbian, one of three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina. [2] It is also official in the regions of Burgenland (Austria), [ 54 ] Molise (Italy) [ 55 ] and Vojvodina (Serbia). [ 56 ]
Serbian is a standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian, [20] [21] a Slavic language (Indo-European), of the South Slavic subgroup. Other standardized forms of Serbo-Croatian are Bosnian, Croatian, and Montenegrin.
Standard Croatian and Bosnian are based on Ijekavian, whereas Serbian uses both Ekavian and Ijekavian forms (Ijekavian for Montenegrin, Croatian and Bosnian Serbs; Ekavian for most of Serbia). Influence of standard language through state media and education has caused non-standard varieties to lose ground to the literary forms.
Serbo-Croatian – a pluricentric language and dialect continuum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia, split into four national standard varieties used in respective countries after the breakup of Yugoslavia: Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian. Slovene language – the language of the Slovenes in Slovenia