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Space-filling model of the H 2 O molecule. In chemistry , the history of molecular theory traces the origins of the concept or idea of the existence of strong chemical bonds between two or more atoms .
Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, Count of Quaregna and Cerreto [1] (/ ˌ æ v ə ˈ ɡ ɑː d r oʊ /, [2] also US: / ˌ ɑː v-/, [3] [4] [5] Italian: [ameˈdɛːo avoˈɡaːdro]; 9 August 1776 – 9 July 1856) was an Italian scientist, most noted for his contribution to molecular theory now known as Avogadro's law, which states that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of ...
A molecular model is a physical model of an atomistic system that represents molecules and their processes. They play an important role in understanding chemistry and generating and testing hypotheses .
The protoscience of chemistry, and alchemy, was unsuccessful in explaining the nature of matter and its transformations. However, by performing experiments and recording the results, alchemists set the stage for modern chemistry. The history of chemistry is intertwined with the history of thermodynamics, especially through the work of Willard ...
G. N. Lewis left MIT in 1912 to become a professor of physical chemistry and dean of the College of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. [14] [16] On June 21, 1912, he married Mary Hinckley Sheldon, daughter of a Harvard professor of Romance languages. They had two sons, both of whom became chemistry professors, and a daughter.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 15 February 2025. British X-ray crystallographer (1920–1958) This article is about the chemist. For the Mars rover named after her, see Rosalind Franklin (rover). Rosalind Franklin Franklin with a microscope in 1955 Born Rosalind Elsie Franklin (1920-07-25) 25 July 1920 Notting Hill, London, England ...
Pauling's approach combined methods and results from X-ray crystallography, molecular model building, and quantum chemistry. His discoveries inspired the work of Rosalind Franklin , James Watson , Francis Crick , and Maurice Wilkins on the structure of DNA , which in turn made it possible for geneticists to crack the DNA code of all organisms.
In chemistry, molecular orbital theory (MO theory or MOT) is a method for describing the electronic structure of molecules using quantum mechanics. It was proposed early in the 20th century. The MOT explains the paramagnetic nature of O 2, which valence bond theory cannot explain.