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Nearly 700 civilians were killed in Munster, while thirty American bombers were shot down, and 105 badly damaged, with a loss of 308 American airmen and officers missing. [33] [34] Of the thirteen B-17s sent out on the raid by the 100th Bomb Group, only one, piloted by Robert Rosenthal, made it back to the unit's base at Thorpe Abbots.
The mission was enshrined in fiction as the "Hambrucken raid" in Beirne Lay and Sy Bartlett's novel, Twelve O'Clock High. It provides a reasonably accurate view of the thinking behind the planners' intention and the decisions that led to the abandonment of the goal of launching a double strike in such a way that the second strike would meet no ...
The city was hit in one of the 1st “City Busting” Missions of the U.S. 8th Air Force on October 10, 1943. Much of the city center and the railway yard was heavily damaged in the raid but heavy casualties were inflicted against the American heavy bombers with the 100th Bomb Group losing 13 of the 14 B-17s that took part in the raid.
Lieutenant Colonel Robert Rosenthal (June 11, 1917 – April 20, 2007) was an American lawyer and Army officer. A highly decorated B-17 commander of the Eighth Air Force of the United States Army Air Forces in World War II, Rosenthal was a recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross and two Silver Stars.
The Second Raid on Schweinfurt on 14 October 1943, remembered as "Black Thursday" while October 1943 as a whole as a "black month" [12]), proved even more bloody; of the 291 aircraft on the mission, 60 were lost, with a further 17 damaged beyond repair. The self-defense concept appeared flawed enough, and losses among the bombers deemed ...
The raid sustained the heaviest losses until that point in the air war. [31] 23 June 1943 RAF reconnaissance photo of Peenemünde Test Stand VII. 3 May Ramrod 16 bombing of steelworks at IJmuiden. 5 May: Republic P-47 Thunderbolts are first used for escorting bombers. 17 May: Operation Chastise bouncing bombs breached the Möhne and Eder Dams
The Pointblank directive of 14 June 1943 ordered RAF Bomber Command and the U.S. Eighth Air Force to bomb specific targets such as aircraft factories, and the order was confirmed when Allied leaders met at the Quebec Conference in August 1943. Up to that point, the RAF and USAAF had mostly been attacking the German industry in their own way ...
The Battle of the Ruhr (5 March – 31 July 1943) was a strategic bombing campaign against the Ruhr Area in Nazi Germany carried out by RAF Bomber Command during the Second World War. The Ruhr was the main centre of German heavy industry with coke plants, steelworks , armaments factories and ten synthetic oil plants .