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Racial profiling or redlining has a long history in the property-insurance industry in the United States. [30] From a review of industry underwriting and marketing materials, court documents, and research by government agencies, industry and community groups, and academics, it is clear that race has long affected and continues to affect the ...
The HOLC created a housing appraisal system of color-coded maps that categorized the riskiness of lending to households in different neighborhoods. While the maps relied on various housing and economic measures, they also used demographic information (such as the racial, ethnic, and immigrant composition of neighborhoods) to categorize ...
In 1933, the federally created Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) created maps that coded areas as credit-worthy based on the race of their occupants and the age of the housing stock. These maps, adopted by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) in 1944, established and sanctioned "redlining". Residents in predominately minority ...
Linda Blackford: In Lexington, a series of serendipitous events will shine a new spotlight on Lexington’s history of housing segregation for the first time. ‘Massive, systemic and ...
Segregation is a common tale in American cities — most practiced discrimination in housing loans and urban renewal — but at the same time, every town has its own unique narratives.
The neighborhood beautification is part of Williams “Redefining Redlining” project that ... MacArthur grant recipient's latest public work looks at the history of redlining through 100,000 red ...
Protest sign at a housing project in Detroit, 1942. Ghettos in the United States are typically urban neighborhoods perceived as being high in crime and poverty. The origins of these areas are specific to the United States and its laws, which created ghettos through both legislation and private efforts to segregate America for political, economic, social, and ideological reasons: de jure [1 ...
The concept of digital redlining is an extension of the practice of redlining in housing discrimination, [2] [3] a historical legal practice in the United States and Canada dating back to the 1930s where red lines were drawn on maps to indicate poor and primarily black neighborhoods that were deemed unsuitable for loans or further development ...