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The Zapotecs were a sedentary culture living in villages and towns, in houses constructed with stone and mortar. They recorded the principal events in their history by means of hieroglyphics , and in warfare they made use of a cotton armour.
The first missionaries among the Zapotecs were Bartolomé de Olmeda, a Mercedarian, and Juan Díaz, a secular priest, who was killed by the natives in Quechula near Tepeaca for having "overthrown their idols". [7]
By 500 BC, these valleys were mostly inhabited by the Zapotecs, with the Mixtecs on the eastern side. These two groups would be in near constant conflict until the end of the pre-Hispanic period. [4] Archeological evidence indicates that between 750 and 1521, there may have been population peaks of as high as 2.5 million. [3]
The Zapotecs were the earliest to gain dominance over the Central Valleys region. [7] The first major dominion was centered in Monte Albán, which flourished from 500 BCE until 750 CE. [8] At its height, Monte Albán was home to some 25,000 people and was the capital city of the Zapotec nation. [7]
Zapotec civilization, a historical indigenous pre-Columbian civilization and archaeological culture of central Mexico; Zapotec languages, a group of closely related indigenous Mesoamerican languages
Maya stele in Copán.. The Mesoamerican Classic Period can be established from around 200 to 900 A. D. However, the chronology varies in each cultural area. The precursors to this period are found in the late Preclassic Period, at around 400 B. C, when an increase in efficiency of agriculture technology led to demographic growth, a greater division of labor and specialization, and the growth ...
There are four basic groups of Zapotecs: the istmeños, who live in the southern Isthmus of Tehuantepec [10] the serranos, who live in the northern mountains of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, the southern Zapotecs, who live in the southern mountains of the Sierra Sur and the Central Valley Zapotecs, who live in and around the Valley of Oaxaca.
The partly excavated main pyramid of San Jose Mogote San Jose Mogote and other important Formative Period settlements.. San José Mogote is a pre-Columbian archaeological site of the Zapotec, a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in the region of what is now the Mexican state of Oaxaca.