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Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...
The rest of the water column which is deeper and does not receive sufficient amounts of sunlight for plant growth is known as the aphotic zone. [13] The amount of solar energy present underwater and the spectral quality of the light that are present at various depths have a significant impact on the behavior of many aquatic organisms.
Aquatic science is the study of the various bodies of water that make up our planet including oceanic and freshwater environments. [1] Aquatic scientists study the movement of water, the chemistry of water, aquatic organisms, aquatic ecosystems, the movement of materials in and out of aquatic ecosystems, and the use of water by humans, among other things.
The definition of a w is where p is the partial water vapor pressure in equilibrium with the solution, and p* is the (partial) vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature. An alternate definition can be a w ≡ l w x w {\displaystyle a_{w}\equiv l_{w}x_{w}} where l w is the activity coefficient of water and x w is the mole fraction of ...
Natural science can be divided into two main branches: life science and physical science. Life science is alternatively known as biology, and physical science is subdivided into branches: physics, chemistry, astronomy and Earth science. These branches of natural science may be further divided into more specialized branches (also known as fields).
Biogeochemistry is the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that govern the composition of the natural environment (including the biosphere, the cryosphere, the hydrosphere, the pedosphere, the atmosphere, and the lithosphere).
Genetics – Science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms; Geochemistry – Science that applies chemistry to analyze geological systems – study of chemistry of the Earth's crust; Geochronology – Science of determining the age of rocks, sediments and fossils – study of measuring geological time
The deep, anoxic water of the Black Sea originates from warm, salty water of the Mediterranean. Lake Texoma , a reservoir on the border between the U.S. states of Texas and Oklahoma , is a rare example of a brackish lake that is neither part of an endorheic basin nor a direct arm of the ocean, though its salinity is considerably lower than that ...