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Yarn weight is important in achieving the correct gauge or tension for a particular project and can help with yarn substitution. The Craft Yarn Council of America has developed a system that seeks to standardize the labeled weights of yarn. [2] Most yarns state their weight on the ball band but some may not, only giving the composition.
Given the linear density and weight the yarn length can be calculated; for example: l/m = 1693 × l m /Nec × m/kg, where l/m is the yarn length in metres, l m /Nec is the English cotton count and m/kg is the yarn weight in kilograms. The following length units are defined. Bundle: usually 10 lb (4.5 kg)
From sheep. Softer than cotton. Retains warmth when wet. Breathability allows lighter weights to be good for summer wear. Icelandic wool: From sheep. Strong but scratchy, best used as an outer layer. Mohair: From goats. Lofty and luxurious. May feel scratchy, best used as an outer layer. Cashmere: From goats. Soft, luxurious, expensive. Alpaca
The three uppermost yarns are in hanks. While hanks may differ by manufacturer and by product, a skein is usually considered 1/6th of a hank (either by weight or by length). One source identifies a skein of stranded cotton as being 8.25 yards (7.54 m), of tapestry wool as being 10 yards (9.1 m), and crewel wool as being 33 yards (30 m).
Cotton Counts: Refers to the thickness of the cotton yarn where 840 yards of yarns weighs 1 pound (0.45 kg). 10-count cotton means that 8,400 yards (7,700 m) of yarn weighs 1 pound (0.45 kg). This is coarser than 40-count cotton where 40x840 yards are needed.
Yarn weight is a factor; thicker yarns with less loft overall produce larger stitches than thinner yarns (reducing the number of stitches per width and length). Larger knitting needles also produce larger stitches, giving fewer stitches and rows per inch. Changing needle size is the best way to control one's own gauge for a given pattern and yarn.