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Benign liver tumors generally develop on normal or fatty liver, are single or multiple (generally paucilocular), have distinct delineation, with increased echogenity (hemangiomas, benign focal nodular hyperplasia) or absent, with posterior acoustic enhancement effect (cysts), have distinct delineation (hydatid cyst), lack of vascularization or show a characteristic circulatory pattern ...
Cysts cause posterior enhancement as a consequence of reduced attenuation of the ultrasound within the cyst fluid (Figure 5). The simple cyst is a benign lesion, which does not require further evaluation. [1] Complex cysts can have membranes dividing the fluid-filled center with internal echoes, calcifications or irregular thickened walls.
In some instances, other methods must be used to distinguish between a normal cyst and a pseudocyst. [3] This is usually accomplished with endoscopic ultrasound or with fine needle aspiration. [2] Transabdominal ultrasound can be used to identify pseudocysts, which appear on the scan as echoic structures associated with distal acoustic ...
Mucinous cystadenomas make up 15–20% of all ovarian tumors. They often become very large and can extend up into the abdomen. These tumors are usually evaluated using ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. Findings on imaging studies are nonspecific. These ovarian tumors are usually multi-septated, cystic masses with thin walls.
Upon discovery of a liver tumor, the main issue in the workup is to determine whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Many imaging modalities are used to aid in the diagnosis of malignant liver tumors. These include sonography (ultrasound), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
The complex cyst can be further evaluated with doppler ultrasonography, and for Bosniak classification and follow-up of complex cysts, either contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) or contrast CT is used. [12] Histopathology of the lining of a simple cyst of the kidney, incidentally found on autopsy, with inconspicuous nuclei.
CT scan. Diagnosis of pancreatic pseudocyst can be based on cyst fluid analysis: [3] Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA-125 (low in pseudocysts and elevated in tumors); Fluid viscosity (low in pseudocysts and elevated in tumors); Amylase (usually high in pseudocysts and low in tumors) The most useful imaging tools are:
Unspecific cortical lesion on CT scan is confirmed cystic and benign with contrast-enhanced renal ultrasonography. A CT scan is the first choice modality for workup of solid masses in the kidneys. Nevertheless, hemorrhagic cysts can resemble renal cell carcinomas on CT, but they are easily distinguished with Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler US ...