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Gregg Wesley Toland (May 29, 1904 – September 28, 1948) was an American cinematographer known for his innovative use of techniques such as deep focus, examples of which can be found in his work on Orson Welles' Citizen Kane (1941), William Wyler's The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), and John Ford's The Grapes of Wrath, and The Long Voyage Home (both, 1940).
Citizen Kane is a 1941 American ... The most innovative technical aspect of Citizen Kane is the extended use of deep focus, ... For example, Kane grows from a child ...
Cinematographer Arthur Edeson used a wider-angle lens than Toland and the film includes many long takes, low angles and shots of the ceiling, but it did not use deep focus shots on large sets to the extent that Citizen Kane did. Edeson and Toland are often credited together for revolutionizing cinematography in 1941.
In Citizen Kane, Welles used a deep-focus technique, in which heavy lighting is employed to achieve sharp focus for both foreground and background in the frame. Wise later used the technique in films that he directed. [ 17 ]
Deep focus is a photographic and cinematographic technique using a large depth of field. Depth of field is the front-to-back range of focus in an image, or how much of it appears sharp and clear. In deep focus, the foreground, middle ground, and background are all in focus. Deep focus is normally achieved by choosing a small aperture.
A single shot example of the OTS shot occurs in Citizen Kane. Cinematographer Gregg Toland uses a specially-made wide-angle lens with a very deep depth of field to get sharp focus from three feet from the camera to 25 feet away, which seems further because of the wide-angle lens. In the scene, Kane is preparing to sign away control of his ...
This category collects articles and media related to Citizen Kane, the 1941 American drama film produced by, co-written by, directed by and starring Orson Welles. Pages in category " Citizen Kane " The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total.
Although the innovation of deep focus cinematography is usually associated with Gregg Toland, Howe used it in his first sound film, Transatlantic, 10 years before Toland used the technique in Citizen Kane. For deep focus, the cinematographer narrows the aperture of the camera lens, and floods the set with light, so that elements in both the ...