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The Confiscation Act of 1862, or Second Confiscation Act, was a law passed by the United States Congress during the American Civil War. [1] This statute was followed by the Emancipation Proclamation, which President Abraham Lincoln issued "in his joint capacity as President and Commander-in-Chief".
The First Confiscation Act, signed into law on August 6, 1861 stated that: Weapons must be seized from all citizens with intent to rebel. Weapons are to be retrieved from the field of battle so as not to be returned to rebellious persons. The Second Confiscation Act was signed into law on July 17, 1862 and contained provisions such as:
On August 6, 1861, the First Confiscation Act freed the slaves who were employed "against the Government and lawful authority of the United States." [52] On July 17, 1862, the Second Confiscation Act freed the slaves "within any place occupied by rebel forces and afterwards occupied by forces of the United States."
This unit was formed under the second Confiscation Act of 1862. The 1862 Confiscation Act stated properties including slaves belonging to disloyal citizens (supporters of the Confederacy) in the South belonged to the Union (United States).
The act that was passed is entitled "An Act to Suppress Insurrection; to punish Treason and Rebellion, to seize and confiscate the Property of Rebels, and for other purposes". It is colloquially referred to as the "second Confiscation Act". The act essentially lessened the punishment for treason.
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That same day, Congress passed the Second Confiscation Act, which authorized the emancipation of slaves of people engaged in rebellion. [94] Lincoln was slow to enact the provisions of the Second Confiscation Act, which was criticized by abolitionists, particularly Frederick Douglass. [95]