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A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money.
World map by current account balance (% of GDP), 2023, according to World Bank [1]. This is the list of countries by current account balance, expressed in current U.S. dollars and as percentage of GDP, based on the data published by World Bank, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
A deficit occurs when a government's expenditures exceed revenues. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] : 79–82 In the list below, government debt is measured for the general government sector because the level of government responsible for programs (for example, health care) differs across countries, and the general government comprises central, state, provincial ...
For most other countries the total budget is shown. Although Germany is a federation, the statistics for Germany represent total general government spending. [ 3 ] Similar to Germany, Russia has a federative structure and a three layer budget system, here the total government spending is shown.
This article includes a list of countries of the world sorted by current account balance as a percentage of gross domestic product (nominal GDP). The first list includes 2017 data for members of the International Monetary Fund. The UN World Bank cites the IMF as the source for their data on Current Account Balance, and so is not included ...
Since 1989, the current account deficit of the US has been increasingly large, reaching close to 7% of the GDP in 2006. In 2011, it was the highest deficit in the world. [11] New evidence, however, suggests that the US current account deficits are being mitigated by positive valuation effects. [12]
When administrations run budget deficits—meaning when the government spends more money than it brings in—the government is forced to borrow to make up the difference, adding to the national debt.
A country's gross government debt (also called public debt or sovereign debt [1]) is the financial liabilities of the government sector. [2]: 81 Changes in government debt over time reflect primarily borrowing due to past government deficits. [3]