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  2. Direct factor Xa inhibitors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_factor_Xa_inhibitors

    They have a rapid onset and offset of action. This means it is often possible to pause them 12 to 48 hours before surgery and resume them shortly after the surgery. By contrast, warfarin and phenprocoumon are often paused up to a week before surgery, and low-molecular-weight heparins are used to "bridge" the therapy gap, typically for several ...

  3. Discovery and development of direct Xa inhibitors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_development...

    Other Xa inhibitors advantages are rapid onset/offset, few drug interactions and predictable pharmacokinetics. The rapid onset/offset effect greatly reduces the need for “bridging” with parenteral anticoagulants after surgeries. [9] Today there are four factor Xa inhibitors marketed: rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban and betrixaban. [7]

  4. Apixaban - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apixaban

    Apixaban is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and at least one of the following risk factors: prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, age 75 years or older, diabetes, or symptomatic heart failure.

  5. Cmax (pharmacology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cmax_(pharmacology)

    Short term drug side effects are most likely to occur at or near the C max, whereas the therapeutic effect of drug with sustained duration of action usually occurs at concentrations slightly above the C min. [citation needed] The C max is often measured in an effort to show bioequivalence (BE) between a generic and innovator drug product. [4]

  6. Adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate...

    On the other hand, novel drugs like ticagrelor (Brilinta®) and cangrelor (Kengrexal®) are non-thienopyridines and reversibly inhibit P2Y 12 meaning they act directly on the receptor without the requirement of metabolic activation and display faster onset and offset of action. [1] [2] [3] [4]

  7. Pharmacodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacodynamics

    In recreational psychoactive drug spaces, duration refers to the length of time over which the subjective effects of a psychoactive substance manifest themselves. Duration can be broken down into 6 parts: (1) total duration (2) onset (3) come up (4) peak (5) offset and (6) after effects.

  8. Peak-to-trough ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak-to-trough_ratio

    Peak-to-trough ratio in pharmacokinetics is the ratio of peak (C max) and trough (C min) levels of a drug over its dosing interval (τ) at steady state.. Peak-to-trough ratio (PTR), also known as peak-to-trough variation or peak-to-trough fluctuation, is a parameter in pharmacokinetics which is defined as the ratio of C max (peak) concentration and C min (trough) concentration over a dosing ...

  9. Biological half-life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_half-life

    Time course of drug plasma concentrations over 96 hours following oral administrations every 24 hours (τ). Absorption half-life 1 h, elimination half-life 12 h. Biological half-life ( elimination half-life , pharmacological half-life ) is the time taken for concentration of a biological substance (such as a medication ) to decrease from its ...

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