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A 19th-century illustration of "swill milk" being produced: a sickly cow being milked while held up by ropes. The swill milk scandal was a major adulterated food scandal in the state of New York in the 1850s. The New York Times reported an estimate that in one year, 8,000 infants died from swill milk. [1] [2]
Adulteration is a legal offense and when the food fails to meet the legal standards set by the government, it is said to have been Adulterated Food.One form of adulteration is the addition of another substance to a food item in order to increase the quantity of the food item in raw form or prepared form, which results in the loss of the actual quality of the food item.
The source of the adulteration was the cinnamon, which was thought to have been adulterated to enhance its weight or color. [115] 2024 United Kingdom Shigatoxigenic E. coli outbreak – Supermarket sandwich products containing contaminated salad leaves led to one death and over 200 confirmed cases. [116] 2024 Laos methanol poisoning [117]
The first court case involving "adulterated" products was in 1886, in which farmers pitted quote “the reigning champion, butter, against a challenger, oleomargarine. Butter won and oleomargarine was taxed". [13] "Adulterated" products often used chemicals or additives to mask poor quality wheat, sour milk, or meat gone bad. [9]
Empty milk shelf in a Carrefour supermarket in China as a result of the scandal. The 2008 Chinese milk scandal was a significant food safety incident in China. The scandal involved Sanlu Group's milk and infant formula along with other food materials and components being adulterated with the chemical melamine, which resulted in kidney stones and other kidney damage in infants.
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In 2012, a study in India across 29 states and union territories found that milk was adulterated with detergent, fat, and even urea, and diluted with water. Just 31.5% of samples conformed to FSSAI standards. [13] In the 2013 meat adulteration scandal in Europe, horsemeat was passed off as beef.
This timeline of the 2008 Chinese milk scandal documents how events related to the Chinese dairy products contamination by melamine unfolded. Complaints about kidney problems traced back to a brand of infant formula, subsequent discoveries of melamine contamination of liquid milk, and exported powdered milk of processed food products (using contaminated milk).