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Education in ancient Rome progressed from an informal, familial system of education in the early Republic to a tuition-based system during the late Republic and the Empire. The Roman education system was based on the Greek system – and many of the private tutors in the Roman system were enslaved Greeks or freedmen.
Aristotle fled Athens in 323 BC, [2] and the university continued to function after his lifetime under a series of leaders until the Roman general Sulla destroyed it during his assault on Athens in 86 BC. [3] The remains of the Lyceum were discovered in modern Athens in 1996 in a park behind the Hellenic Parliament. [4]
Aristotle's School, a painting from the 1880s by Gustav Adolph Spangenberg. The Platonic Academy (sometimes referred to as the University of Athens), [32] [33] founded ca. 387 BCE in Athens, Greece, by the philosopher Plato, lasted until 86 BCE, when it was destroyed during Sulla's siege and sacking of Athens. [34]
[1] [2] Aristotle studied there for twenty years (367–347 BC) before founding his own school, the Lyceum. The Academy persisted throughout the Hellenistic period as a skeptical school, until coming to an end after the death of Philo of Larissa in 83 BC. The Platonic Academy was destroyed by the Roman dictator Sulla in 86 BC. [3]
Later, in the Hellenistic period of Ancient Greece, education in a gymn school was considered essential for participation in Greek culture. The value of physical education to the ancient Greeks and Romans has been historically unique. There were two forms of education in ancient Greece: formal and informal.
Under Roman rule, Athens was given the status of a free city because of its widely admired schools. The Roman emperor Hadrian (r. 117–138 AD), constructed the Library of Hadrian, a gymnasium, an aqueduct [26] which is still in use, several temples and sanctuaries, a bridge, and finally completed the Temple of Olympian Zeus. [27]
Five Black children in 1963 enrolled at all white public schools in Athens. Now they are being recognized for their bravery.
The Romans gained from the Greek influence in other areas: trade, banking, administration, art, literature, philosophy and earth science. [2] In the last century BC it was a must for every rich young man to study in Athens or Rhodes and perfect their knowledge of rhetoric at the large schools of philosophy.