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A volvelle or wheel chart is a type of slide chart, a paper construction with rotating parts. It is considered an early example of a paper analog computer . [ 1 ] Volvelles have been produced to accommodate organization and calculation in many diverse subjects.
A circular slide chart is sometimes referred to as a wheel chart or volvelle. Unlike other hand-held mechanical calculating devices such as slide rules and addiators, which have been replaced by electronic calculators and computer software, wheel charts and slide charts have survived to the present time. There are a number of companies who ...
Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.
Thus, a Union Pacific Big Boy is a 4-8-8-4: four leading wheels, one group of eight driving wheels, another group of eight driving wheels, and then four trailing wheels. Sometimes articulated locomotives of this type are denoted with a “+” between each driving wheels set (so in the previous case, the Big Boy would be a 4-8+8-4).
Two bogies or wheel assemblies. The "Bo′" bogie is under one end of the unit, and has two powered axles, while the "(A1A)" bogie under the other end of the unit has one powered axle, one idle axle, and another powered axle. All powered axles are individually driven by traction motors. Bo′Bo′ Two bogies or wheel assemblies under the unit.
The AAR wheel arrangement system is a method of classifying locomotive (or unit) wheel arrangements that was developed by the Association of American Railroads. Essentially a simplification of the European UIC classification , it is widely used in North America to describe diesel and electric locomotives (including third-rail electric ...
Locomotives with ten driving wheels were rare in British railway history. In 1913 an initial design for a four-cylinder 2-10-0 of 53,328 pounds-force (237,000 N) tractive effort was produced by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway , but none were built.
These two codes allow one to look up the required cold inflation pressure to carry a given load, according to the load inflation charts or tables. The load tables are too large to include in this article, but may be found at tirepressure.org. [ 9 ] Generally, tire codes with a preceding "P" shall reference the P Metric Tire Load Inflation Chart ...