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Plant defense against herbivory or host-plant resistance is a range of adaptations evolved by plants which improve their survival and reproduction by reducing the impact of herbivores. Many plants produce secondary metabolites, known as allelochemicals, that influence the behavior, growth, or survival of herbivores. These chemical defenses can ...
Cucurbita fruits, including squash and pumpkin, typically have high content of the phytochemical pigments called carotenoids. Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them resist fungi, bacteria and plant virus infections, and also consumption by insects and
Microbial symbionts also assist in the acquisition of plant material by weakening a host plant's defenses. Some herbivores are more successful at feeding on damaged hosts. [1] As an example, several species of bark beetle introduce blue stain fungi of the genera Ceratocystis and Ophiostoma into trees before feeding. [23]
Adult plant resistance (APR) is a specialist term referring to quantitative resistance that is not effective in the seedling stage but is effective throughout many remaining plant growth stages. [ 43 ] [ 44 ] [ 42 ] The difference between adult plant resistance and seedling resistance is especially important in annual crops . [ 45 ]
Daminozide, also known as aminozide, Alar, Kylar, SADH, B-995, B-nine, [2] and DMASA, [3] is an organic compound which acts as a plant growth regulator. [2] It was produced in the U.S. by the Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc., (now integrated into the Chemtura Corporation [not verified in body]), which registered daminozide for use on fruits intended for human consumption in 1963.
Juglone is an example of such a molecule inhibiting the growth of other plant species around walnut trees. [ citation needed ] The aquatic vascular plant Myriophyllum spicatum produces ellagic , gallic and pyrogallic acids and (+)- catechin , allelopathic phenolic compounds inhibiting the growth of blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa .
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. [1] Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily. Chemically, lignins are polymers made by cross-linking phenolic precursors. [2]
It is one of the general plant defense strategies against herbivores, the other being resistance, which is the ability of plants to prevent damage (Strauss and Agrawal 1999). Plant defense strategies play important roles in the survival of plants as they are fed upon by many different types of herbivores, especially insects, which may impose ...