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Uncertainty in the star's surface temperature, diameter, and distance make it difficult to achieve a precise measurement of Betelgeuse's luminosity, but research from 2012 quotes a luminosity of around 126,000 L ☉, assuming a distance of 200 pc. [142] Studies since 2001 report effective temperatures ranging from 3,250 to 3,690 K.
Red supergiants develop deep convection zones reaching from the surface over halfway to the core and these cause strong enrichment of nitrogen at the surface, with some enrichment of heavier elements. [26] Some red supergiants undergo blue loops where they temporarily increase in temperature before returning to the red supergiant state. This ...
Assumes an effective temperature of 3,625 K. Reported for reference: Theoretical limit of star size (Triangulum Galaxy) ≳1,500 [11] L/T eff: Estimated by measuring the fraction of red supergiants at higher luminosities in a large sample of stars. Assumes an effective temperature of 3,605 K. Reported for reference: LGGS J004428.48+415130.9 ...
Betelgeuse is one of the best-known stars in the night sky, as well as the easiest to find. ... By studying movements (like sound waves) on the surface of the star suggest Betelgeuse is still ...
Blacksmiths work iron when it is hot enough to emit plainly visible thermal radiation. The color of a star is determined by its temperature, according to Wien's law. In the constellation of Orion, one can compare Betelgeuse (T ≈ 3800 K, upper left), Rigel (T = 12100 K, bottom right), Bellatrix (T = 22000 K, upper right), and Mintaka (T = 31800 K, rightmost of the 3 "belt stars" in the middle).
In late 2019 and early 2020, Betelgeuse blew its top. Literally. Around that time the famous bright star marking the right shoulder of Orion suddenly started dimming, dropping to about half its ...
Red-giant-branch stars have luminosities up to nearly three thousand times that of the Sun (L ☉); spectral types of K or M have surface temperatures of 3,000–4,000 K (compared with the Sun's photosphere temperature of nearly 6,000 K) and radii up to about 200 times the Sun (R ☉).
Betelgeuse has entered an uncommon period of brightening again, this time rising in brightness by around 50 percent. Is the star about to go supernova?