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2. Insulin-like growth factor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor

   The IGF-1 receptor is the "physiological" receptor. IGF-1 binds to it at significantly higher affinity than it binds the insulin receptor. Like the insulin receptor, the IGF-1 receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase—meaning the receptor signals by causing the addition of a phosphate molecule on particular tyrosines. The IGF-2 receptor only ...

3. Insulin-like growth factor 1 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1

   Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), also called somatomedin C, is a hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin which plays an important role in childhood growth, and has anabolic effects in adults. [5] In the 1950s IGF-1 was called " sulfation factor" because it stimulated sulfation of cartilage in vitro, [6] and in the 1970s due to ...

4. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor...

   Function. Approximately 98% of IGF-1 is always bound to one of six binding proteins (IGF-BP). IGFBP-3, the most abundant protein, accounts for 80% of all IGF binding. IGF-1 binds to IGFBP-3 in a 1:1 molar ratio. IGF-BP also binds to IGF-1 inside the liver, allowing growth hormone to continuously act upon the liver to produce more IGF-1.

5. Insulin-like growth factor 2 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_2

   Insulin-like growth factor II E-peptide (somatomedians-A ) Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is one of three protein hormones that share structural similarity to insulin. The MeSH definition reads: "A well-characterized neutral peptide believed to be secreted by the liver and to circulate in the blood.

6. Growth hormone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone

   The liver is a major target organ of GH for this process and is the principal site of IGF-1 production. IGF-1 has growth-stimulating effects on a wide variety of tissues. Additional IGF-1 is generated within target tissues, making it what appears to be both an endocrine and an autocrine/paracrine hormone. IGF-1 also has stimulatory effects on ...

7. Insulin signal transduction pathway - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_signal...

   The insulin transduction pathway is a biochemical pathway by which insulin increases the uptake of glucose into fat and muscle cells and reduces the synthesis of glucose in the liver and hence is involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis. This pathway is also influenced by fed versus fasting states, stress levels, and a variety of other hormones.

8. Hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic axis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary...

   The hypothalamic–pituitary–somatotropic axis (HPS axis), or hypothalamic–pituitary–somatic axis, also known as the hypothalamic–pituitary–growth axis, is a hypothalamic–pituitary axis which includes the secretion of growth hormone (GH; somatotropin) from the somatotropes of the pituitary gland into the circulation and the subsequent stimulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 ...

9. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor...

   The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor is a protein found on the surface of human cells. It is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by a hormone called insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and by a related hormone called IGF-2. It belongs to the large class of tyrosine kinase receptors. This receptor mediates the effects of IGF ...