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  2. Sodium hypochlorite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite

    The density of the solution is 1.093 g/mL at 5% concentration, [22] and 1.21 g/mL at 14%, 20 °C. [23] Stoichiometric solutions are fairly alkaline, with pH 11 or higher [8] since hypochlorous acid is a weak acid: OCl − + H 2 O ⇌ HOCl + OH −. The following species and equilibria are present in NaOCl/NaCl solutions: [24] HOCl(aq) ⇌ H ...

  3. Dissociation (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociation_(chemistry)

    Dissociation in chemistry is a general process in which molecules (or ionic compounds such as salts, or complexes) separate or split into other things such as atoms, ions, or radicals, usually in a reversible manner. For instance, when an acid dissolves in water, a covalent bond between an electronegative atom and a hydrogen atom is broken by ...

  4. Sodium hydroxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide

    Even the n = 3.5 hydrate is difficult to crystallize, because the solution supercools so much that other hydrates become more stable. [11] A hot water solution containing 73.1% (mass) of NaOH is a eutectic that solidifies at about 62.63 °C as an intimate mix of anhydrous and monohydrate crystals. [19] [18]

  5. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

    Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...

  6. Sodium chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_chloride

    Sodium chloride / ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food ...

  7. Buffer solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution

    A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...