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Lactase (EC 3.2.1.108) is an enzyme produced by many organisms and is essential to the complete digestion of whole milk. It breaks down the sugar lactose into its component parts, galactose and glucose. Lactase is found in the brush border of the small intestine of humans and other mammals.
The correlation between lactase persistence frequencies and latitude in 33 populations in Europe was found to be positive and significant, while the correlation between lactase persistence and longitude was not, suggesting that high levels of lactose assimilation were indeed useful in areas of low sunlight in northern Europe. [50]
After a time, certain colonies began to grow. However, the EbgA protein is an ineffective lactase and does not allow growth on lactose. Two classes of single point mutations dramatically improve the activity of ebg enzyme toward lactose. [24] [25] and, as a result, the mutant enzyme is able to replace the lacZ β-galactosidase. [26]
Since puppies drink their mother's milk, their bodies produce lactase, an enzyme that helps them digest the lactose sugars found in milk. Once they are weaned, however, they stop producing this ...
The lactose operon (lac operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in E. coli and many other enteric bacteria.Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most enteric bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available through the activity of β-galactosidase. [1]
Lactose intolerance primarily refers to a syndrome with one or more symptoms upon the consumption of food substances containing lactose sugar. Individuals may be lactose intolerant to varying degrees, depending on the severity of these symptoms. Hypolactasia is the term specifically for the small intestine producing little or no lactase enzyme ...
The hydrolysis of lactose to glucose and galactose is catalyzed by the enzymes lactase and β-galactosidase. The latter is produced by the lac operon in Escherichia coli. [12] In nature, lactose is found primarily in milk and milk products. Consequently, various food products made with dairy-derived ingredients can contain lactose. [13]
This is an autosomal recessive disorder and infants that can’t break down lactose have trouble with breastmilk, and develop diarrhea starting from birth. Sometimes, even those with lactase-persistence can develop temporary lactose intolerance as a result of infection or inflammation in the small intestine.