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  2. UTF-8 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8

    UTF-8 was first officially presented at the USENIX conference in San Diego, from January 25 to 29, 1993. [11] The Internet Engineering Task Force adopted UTF-8 in its Policy on Character Sets and Languages in RFC 2277 (BCP 18) for future internet standards work in January 1998, replacing Single Byte Character Sets such as Latin-1 in older RFCs ...

  3. Unicode and email - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_and_Email

    Although not strictly required, UTF-8 is usually also transfer encoded to avoid problems across seven-bit mail servers. MIME transfer encoding of UTF-8 makes it either unreadable as a plain text (in the case of base64) or, for some languages and types of text, heavily size inefficient (in the case of quoted-printable).

  4. Charset detection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charset_detection

    However, badly written charset detection routines do not run the reliable UTF-8 test first, and may decide that UTF-8 is some other encoding. For example, it was common that web sites in UTF-8 containing the name of the German city München were shown as München, due to the code deciding it was an ISO-8859 encoding before (or without) even ...

  5. International email - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_email

    International email arises from the combined provision of internationalized domain names (IDN) [1] and email address internationalization (EAI). [2] The result is email that contains international characters (characters which do not exist in the ASCII character set), encoded as UTF-8, in the email header and in supporting mail transfer protocols.

  6. Character encodings in HTML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encodings_in_HTML

    [6] [7] [8] The Encoding Standard further stipulates that new formats, new protocols (even when existing formats are used) and authors of new documents are required to use UTF-8 exclusively. [9] Besides UTF-8, the following encodings are explicitly listed in the HTML standard itself, with reference to the Encoding Standard: [8]

  7. Universal Character Set characters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Character_Set...

    The Unicode Consortium and the ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 jointly collaborate on the list of the characters in the Universal Coded Character Set.The Universal Coded Character Set, most commonly called the Universal Character Set (abbr. UCS, official designation: ISO/IEC 10646), is an international standard to map characters, discrete symbols used in natural language, mathematics, music, and other ...

  8. Unicode control characters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_control_characters

    The change was made "to clear the way for the potential future use of tag characters for a purpose other than to represent language tags". [8] Unicode states that "the use of tag characters to represent language tags in a plain text stream is still a deprecated mechanism for conveying language information about text.

  9. Musical Symbols (Unicode block) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_Symbols_(Unicode...

    Musical Symbols is a Unicode block containing characters for representing modern musical notation.Fonts that support it include Bravura, Euterpe, FreeSerif, Musica and Symbola.