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Most congenital heart defects are not associated with other diseases. [3] A complication of CHD is heart failure. [2] Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect. [3] [11] In 2015, they were present in 48.9 million people globally. [8] They affect between 4 and 75 per 1,000 live births, depending upon how they are diagnosed.
Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is an uncommon congenital heart condition characterized by faulty development of the heart's septa and valves. [88] [12] Congestive heart failure is common in infants with the entire version of the condition. [88] [12] Fluid builds up in other parts of the body, particularly the lungs.
Noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCC) is a rare congenital disease of heart muscle that affects both children and adults. [1] It results from abnormal prenatal development of heart muscle. [2] [3] During development, the majority of the heart muscle is a sponge-like meshwork of interwoven myocardial fibers.
Shelby Kutty, director of pediatric congenital cardiology at Johns Hopkins Children’s Center, who was not involved in the project, said that while similar research has been done for adult heart ...
Children and young adults with these defects can die suddenly, especially during or just after exercise. In fact, AAOCA is the second leading cause of sudden cardiac death in children and adolescents in the United States behind hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The prevalence is estimated at 0.1% to 0.3% of the general population. Neither the true ...
A congenital heart defect, also known as a "congenital heart anomaly" or "congenital heart disease", is a problem in the structure of the heart that is present at birth. [99] Signs and symptoms depend on the specific type of problem. [100] Symptoms can vary from none to life-threatening. [99]
In mild cases, children may show no signs or symptoms at first and their condition may not be diagnosed until later in life. Some children born with coarctation of the aorta have additional heart defects, such as aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus or mitral valve abnormalities. [citation needed]
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a medical condition in which the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth: this allows a portion of oxygenated blood from the left heart to flow back to the lungs from the aorta, which has a higher blood pressure, to the pulmonary artery, which has a lower blood pressure.
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