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In humans, some of the more common skin appendages are hairs (sensation, heat loss, filter for breathing, protection), arrector pilli (smooth muscles that pull hairs straight), sebaceous glands (secrete sebum onto hair follicle, which oils the hair), sweat glands (can secrete sweat with strong odour or with a faint odour (merocrine or eccrine ...
The appendicular skeleton is the portion of the vertebrate endoskeleton consisting of the bones, cartilages and ligaments that support the paired appendages (fins, flippers or limbs). In most terrestrial vertebrates (except snakes , legless lizards and caecillians ), the appendicular skeleton and the associated skeletal muscles are the ...
All cephalopods, a mollusc phylum, have flexible appendages known as cephalopod limbs. They may have further extensions as suckers . In vertebrates , an appendage can refer to a locomotor part such as a tail , fins on a fish , limbs ( arms , legs , flippers or wings ) on a tetrapod ; exposed sex organ ; defensive parts such as horns and antlers ...
The skin is one of the largest organs of the body. In humans, it accounts for about 12 to 15 percent of total body weight and covers 1.5 to 2 m 2 of surface area. [1] 3D still showing human integumentary system. The skin (integument) is a composite organ, made up of at least two major layers of tissue: the epidermis and the dermis. [2]
The cranial pair (i.e. closer to the head) of limbs are known as the forelimbs or front legs, and the caudal pair (i.e. closer to the tail or coccyx) are the hindlimbs or back legs. In animals with a more erect bipedal posture (mainly hominid primates, particularly humans), the forelimbs and hindlimbs are often called upper and lower limbs ...
Body parts Somewhat arbitrarily defined sections on the body based on what humans have historically thought was one thing with a primary function. Organs: A collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function (some of the organs in this list perform multiple functions). Organ parts
The pectoral girdles are to the upper limbs as the pelvic girdle is to the lower limbs; the girdles are the part of the appendicular skeleton that anchor the appendages to the axial skeleton. In humans, the only true anatomical joints between the shoulder girdle and the axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side.
Anatomy is often described in planes, referring to two-dimensional sections of the body. A section is a two-dimensional surface of a three-dimensional structure that has been cut. A plane is an imaginary two-dimensional surface that passes through the body. Three planes are commonly referred to in anatomy and medicine: [1] [2]: 4