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Europe is relatively rich in fossils from the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, and much of what is known about European dinosaurs dates from this time. During the Maastrichtian the end of the Cretaceous dinosaurs were dominating western and Central Europe as the Tremp Formation in Spain dates back to that age.
Various pre-Indo-European substrates have been postulated, but remain speculative; the "Pelasgian" and "Tyrsenian" substrates of the Mediterranean world, an "Old European" (which may itself have been an early form of Indo-European), a "Vasconic" substrate ancestral to the modern Basque language, [84] or a more widespread presence of early Finno ...
Ceprano Man, Argil, and Ceprano Calvarium, is a Middle Pleistocene archaic human fossil, a single skull cap (), accidentally unearthed in a highway construction project in 1994 near Ceprano in the Province of Frosinone, Italy.
These "dogs" had a wide size range, from over 60 cm (2 ft) in height in eastern Europe to less than 30–45 cm (1 ft–1 ft 6 in) in central and western Europe, [103] and 32–41 kg (71–90 lb) in all of Europe. These "dogs" are identified by having a shorter snout and skull, and wider palate and braincase than contemporary wolves.
In the early Miocene, Europe had a subtropical climate and was intermittently connected to Africa by land bridges. At the same time, Africa was becoming more arid, prompting the dispersal of its tropical fauna—including primates—north into Europe. [6] Apes first appear in the European fossil record 17 million years ago with Griphopithecus. [7]
The history of paleontology traces the history of the effort to understand the history of life on Earth by studying the fossil record left behind by living organisms. Since it is concerned with understanding living organisms of the past, paleontology can be considered to be a field of biology, but its historical development has been closely tied to geology and the effort to understand the ...
A young female from Harlyn Bay, dated to the Copper Age or Early Bronze Age (c. 2285–2036 BCE) was found to be mitochondrial DNA haplogroup R1b, and her ancestry was modelled as 11.1% Western Hunter-Gatherer, 29.5% Early European Farmer, and 59.4% Yamnaya-related. A second individual, a male from Constantine Island, was dated to the Middle ...
Discosauriscus was a small seymouriamorph [1] which lived in what is now Central and Western Europe during the latest Carboniferous [2] and in the Early Permian Period. Its best fossils have been found in the Broumov and Bačov Formations of Boskovice Furrow, in the Czech Republic.