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The highest prevalence estimates of reported alcohol use during pregnancy were among women who are aged 35–44 years (14.3%), white (8.3%), college graduates (10.0%), or employed (9.6%). [115] In 2015, about 10% of pregnant women drank alcohol in the past month, and 20% to 30% drank at some point during the pregnancy. [ 34 ]
Excessive drinking during pregnancy, especially in the first eight to twelve weeks, is associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders such as abnormal appearance and behavioral problems. Most guidelines state that no safe amount of alcohol consumption has been established and recommend that pregnant women abstain entirely from alcohol.
There is no known safe amount or safe time to drink during pregnancy, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends complete abstinence for women who are pregnant, trying to become pregnant, or are sexually active and not using birth control. [56] [57] Prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ...
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Increasing calls for the introduction of warning labels on alcoholic beverages have occurred after tobacco packaging warning messages proved successful. [4] The addition of warning labels on alcoholic beverages is historically supported by organizations of the temperance movement, such as the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, as well as by medical organisations, such as the Irish Cancer Society.
Sale [and consumption] of any type of alcohol in hotels, bars, clubs and any other place will be illegal from today onwards." [12] Violating the law carries a penalty of 5 years to 10 years imprisonment. [13] On 30 September 2016, the Patna High Court ruled that the ban is "illegal, impractical and unconstitutional". [14]
Alcohol: Use during pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. [67] Tobacco use: During pregnancy, causes twice the risk of premature rupture of membranes, placental abruption and placenta previa. [68] Also, it increases the odds of the baby being born prematurely by 30%. [69]
The legal drinking age in India and the laws which regulate the sale and consumption of alcohol vary significantly from state to state. [1] In India, consumption of alcohol is prohibited in the states of Bihar, Gujarat, Nagaland, [2] and Mizoram, as well as the union territory of Lakshadweep. There is partial ban on alcohol in some districts of ...