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According to Catholicism, a venial sin is a lesser sin that does not result in a complete separation from God and eternal damnation in Hell as an unrepented mortal sin would. [1] [2] [3] A venial sin consists in acting as one should not, without the actual incompatibility with the state of grace that a mortal sin implies; they do not break one's friendship with God, but injure it.
A mortal sin (Latin: peccātum mortāle), in Christian theology, is a gravely sinful act which can lead to damnation if a person does not repent of the sin before death. It is alternatively called deadly, grave, and serious; the concept of mortal sin is found in both Catholicism and Lutheranism.
Sin is made venial in two ways: The sin is not seriously wrong. The sin is seriously wrong, but the sinner honestly believes that it is only slightly wrong, or does not give full consent. A venial sin weakens our power to resist mortal sin, and a venial sin makes us deserving of God’s punishments in this life or in purgatory.
Hieronymus Bosch's The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things. Catholic hamartiology is a branch of Catholic thought that studies sin.According to the Catholic Church, sin is an "utterance, deed, or desire," [1] caused by concupiscence, [2] that offends God, reason, truth, and conscience. [3]
Both mortal and venial sins have a dual nature of punishment. They incur both guilt for the sin, yielding eternal punishment in the case of mortal sins and temporal punishment for the sin in the case of both venial and mortal sins. Reconciliation is an act of God's mercy, and addresses the guilt and eternal punishment for sin.
[Perfect] contrition remits venial sins; it also obtains forgiveness of mortal sins if it includes the firm resolution to have recourse to sacramental confession as soon as possible. [42] [43] The prisoners of hell are the impenitent, such as Satan; Satan's fall from Heaven is irrevocable because he chooses not to repent. [44]
The seven deadly sins (also known as the capital vices or cardinal sins) function as a grouping classification of major vices within the teachings of Christianity. [1] According to the standard list, the seven deadly sins in Roman Catholic Church are pride , greed , wrath , envy , lust , gluttony , and sloth .
Grave sin involves serious matter, sufficient knowledge of its seriousness, and sufficient freedom from any interior or exterior factors that would mitigate one's responsibility for the harm done. [49] While private confession of all grave sins is now required, confession of venial sins is recommended but not required. [39]