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[citation needed] The auditory cortex forms groupings based on fundamentals; in music, for example, this would include harmony, timing, and pitch. [18] The primary auditory cortex lies in the superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe and extends into the lateral sulcus and the transverse temporal gyri (also called Heschl's gyri).
Cortical deafness is a rare form of sensorineural hearing loss caused by damage to the primary auditory cortex. Cortical deafness is an auditory disorder where the patient is unable to hear sounds but has no apparent damage to the structures of the ear (see auditory system ).
This condition also affects the development of the auditory cortex, which gives rise to auditory functional deficits. There are fewer nerve fibres and less myelination in patients' primary auditory cortex, illustrated by the higher grey matter-to-white matter ratios in the Heschl gyrus. The cells and synapses undergo dystrophy in a deafness ...
The primary auditory cortex is surrounded by secondary auditory cortex, and interconnects with it. These secondary areas interconnect with further processing areas in the superior temporal gyrus , in the dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus , and in the frontal lobe .
Visual auras can be simple or complex. Simple visual symptoms can include static, flashing, or moving lights/shapes/colors caused mostly by abnormal activity in the primary visual cortex. Complex visual auras can include people, scenes, and objects which results from stimulation of the temporo-occipital junction and is lateralized to one hemifield.
Noise and ageing are the primary causes of presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, the most common kind of hearing loss in industrial society. [10] [citation needed] The dangers of environmental and occupational noise exposure are widely recognized. Numerous national and international organizations have established standards for safe levels ...
The common auras from seizures arising from primary auditory cortex include vertigo, humming sound, ringing sound, buzzing sound, hearing a song, hearing voices or altered hearing sensation. [2] Lateral temporal lobe seizures arising from the temporal-parietal lobe junction may cause complex visual hallucinations. [2]
Primary auditory neurons carry action potentials from the cochlea into the transmission pathway shown in the adjacent image. Multiple relay stations act as integration and processing centers. The signals reach the first level of cortical processing at the primary auditory cortex (A1), in the superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe. [6]