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Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA.Satellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres, and form the main structural constituent of heterochromatin.
Minisatellite variant repeat mapping by PCR (MVR-PCR) has been extensively used to chart the interspersion patterns of variant repeats along the array, which provides details on the structure of the alleles before and after mutation. [citation needed] Studies have revealed distinct mutation processes operating in somatic and germline cells.
In molecular biology, SNP array is a type of DNA microarray which is used to detect polymorphisms within a population. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), a variation at a single site in DNA , is the most frequent type of variation in the genome.
Tandem arrays are a group of genes with the same or similar function that are repeated consecutively without space between each gene. The genes are organized in the same orientation. [ 10 ] Unlike gene clusters, tandemly arrayed genes are found to consist of consecutive, identical repeats, separated only by a nontranscribed spacer region.
These tandem repeats commonly fold together to form a solenoid protein domain, termed leucine-rich repeat domain. Typically, each repeat unit has beta strand - turn - alpha helix structure, and the assembled domain , composed of many such repeats, has a horseshoe shape with an interior parallel beta sheet and an exterior array of helices.
The traditional solid-phase array is a collection of orderly microscopic "spots", called features, each with thousands of identical and specific probes attached to a solid surface, such as glass, plastic or silicon biochip (commonly known as a genome chip, DNA chip or gene array). Thousands of these features can be placed in known locations on ...
In the large rDNA array, polymorphisms between rDNA repeat units are very low, indicating that rDNA tandem arrays are evolving through concerted evolution. [6] However, the mechanism of concerted evolution is imperfect, such that polymorphisms between repeats within an individual can occur at significant levels and may confound phylogenetic ...
Tandemly arrayed genes (TAGs) are a gene cluster created by tandem duplications, [1] a process in which one gene is duplicated and the copy is found adjacent to the original. [2]