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A labor camp (or labour camp, see spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment. Labor camps have many common aspects with slavery and with prisons (especially prison farms). Conditions at labor camps vary widely depending on the operators.
Arbeitslager (German pronunciation: [ˈʔaʁbaɪtsˌlaːɡɐ]) is a German language word which means labor camp. Under Nazism , the German government (and its private-sector , Axis , and collaborator partners) used forced labor extensively , starting in the 1930s but most especially during World War II .
Forced exercises at Oranienburg, 1933. Traditionally, prisoners were often deployed in penal labor performing unskilled work. [1] During the first years of Nazi Germany's existence, unemployment was high and forced labor in the concentration camps was presented as re-education through labor and a means of punishing offenders.
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families. [note 1]
Although most of them fit the definition of forced labor, only labor camps, and labor colonies were associated with punitive forced labor in detention. [4] Forced labor camps ("GULAG camps") were hard regime camps, whose inmates were serving more than three-year terms.
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Most were used for hard labor, "special tasks" (unwanted dangerous jobs like defusing landmines or running phone cables) or were used as forlorn hopes or cannon fodder. The infamous Dirlewanger Brigade was an example of a regular unit created from such personnel. A Strafkompanie (punishment company) was a hard labor unit in the camps. Inmates ...
Given its usage in conjunction with the forced labor and mass killings of the concentration camps, the word "free" took on a double meaning. Because prisoners were not generally released from the camps, and were made to do forced labor under horrific conditions, the phrase has come to be understood as meaning that the only way for prisoners to ...