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Fetal warfarin syndrome is a disorder of the embryo which occurs in a child whose mother took the medication warfarin (brand name: Coumadin) during pregnancy. Resulting abnormalities include low birth weight , slower growth , intellectual disability , deafness , small head size , and malformed bones , cartilage , and joints .
Warfarin (brand name Coumadin) is a commonly prescribed blood thinner both in the inpatient and outpatient hospital settings. In pregnant women, warfarin is contraindicated and should be avoided as it crosses the placental barrier. Additionally, warfarin is listed as Pregnancy Category D, which means it has a risk of harming the fetus. [37]
Warfarin should not be given to people with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia until platelet count has improved or normalised. [39] Warfarin is usually best avoided in people with protein C or protein S deficiency, as these thrombophilic conditions increase the risk of skin necrosis, which is a rare but serious side effect associated with ...
Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is a medication and naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan. [3] [4] Heparin is a blood anticoagulant that increases the activity of antithrombin. [5] It is used in the treatment of heart attacks and unstable angina. [3] It can be given intravenously or by injection under the skin. [3]
Heparin can exert an immediate anti-clotting effect which is useful for the treatment of acute symptoms. [36] Besides, heparin therapy is indicated for anticoagulation during pregnancy as it does not cross the placenta and is not associated with fetal malformations.
[52] [53] Warfarin's interference with G1a proteins has also been linked to abnormalities in fetal bone development in mothers who were treated with warfarin during pregnancy. [54] [55] Long-term warfarin and heparin usage have also been linked to osteoporosis. [56] [45] Another potentially severe complication associated with heparin use is ...
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a class of anticoagulant medications. [1] They are used in the prevention of blood clots and, in the treatment of venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism), and the treatment of myocardial infarction.
They are categorised as "first-generation" anticoagulants, and have similar effects as warfarin. They have been largely superseded by second-generation anticoagulants because warfarin-resistant rodents have become more common. [6] Anisindione, fluindione, and phenindione are oral anticoagulant medicines with actions similar to warfarin. However ...