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Fowlpox virus Fowlpox is the worldwide disease of poultry caused by viruses of the family Poxviridae and the genus Avipoxvirus . The viruses causing fowlpox are distinct from one another but antigenically similar, possible hosts including chickens , turkeys , quail , canaries , pigeons , and many other species of birds.
The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and nuclear pore export. Birds and pigs serve as the natural host. [ 9 ] [ 7 ] The virus is known to cause "immunosuppressive conditions" in animals that are infected; as well as having the ability to jump between species, creating difficulty in identifying the origin of infection.
Members of the family Flaviviridae have monopartite, linear, single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, and 9.6 to 12.3 kilobase in total length. The 5'-termini of flaviviruses carry a methylated nucleotide cap, while other members of this family are uncapped and encode an internal ribosome entry site.
Orthomyxoviridae (from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós) 'straight' and μύξα (mýxa) 'mucus') [1] is a family of negative-sense RNA viruses.It includes seven genera: Alphainfluenzavirus, Betainfluenzavirus, Gammainfluenzavirus, Deltainfluenzavirus, Isavirus, Thogotovirus, and Quaranjavirus.
Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro disease, infectious bursitis, and infectious avian nephrosis, is a highly contagious disease of young chickens and turkeys caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), [1] characterized by immunosuppression and mortality generally at 3 to 6 weeks of age.
Herpesvirales is an order of dsDNA viruses (Baltimore group I) with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope.
Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) (/ r aʊ s /) is a retrovirus and is the first oncovirus to have been described. It causes sarcoma in chickens. As with all retroviruses, it reverse transcribes its RNA genome into cDNA before integration into the host DNA.
Chicken anemia virus, or CAV, is currently a member of the Anelloviridae family which is found worldwide. [1] The virus only affects chickens . [ 2 ] CAV is a non-enveloped icosahedral single stranded DNA virus, [ 3 ] which causes bone marrow atrophy , anemia , and severe immunosuppression .