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To produce refined (white) wheat flour, [4] grain is usually tempered, i.e. moisture added to the grain, before milling, to optimize milling efficiency.This softens the starchy "endosperm" portion of the wheat kernel, which will be separated out in the milling process to produce what is known to consumers as white flour.
"Strong flour" or "hard flour" has a higher gluten content than "weak" or "soft" flour. "Brown" and wholemeal flours may be made of hard or soft wheat. Atta flour is a whole-grain wheat flour important in Indian and Pakistani cuisine, used for a range of breads such as roti and chapati. It is usually stone-ground to coarse granules, which gives ...
The extracted endosperm flour came to be known as “white flour” as this element of the wheat kernel is white. This system ingeniously accomplished the extraction of most of the starchy endosperm while separating out virtually all of the bran and germ elements, extracting about 72% of the whole grain kernel.
Made from durum wheat, semolina flour has a high protein content (close to that of bread flour at 13 percent). ... This is a whole wheat flour milled from whole grains of spelt, an ancient grain ...
Whole wheat flour being scooped Whole-wheat flour (in the US) or wholemeal flour (in the UK) is a powdery substance, a basic food ingredient, derived by grinding or mashing the whole grain of wheat , also known as the wheatberry .
The wheat grain classes used in the United States are named by colour, season, and hardness: [78] [79] [80] Durum – Hard, translucent, light-coloured grain used to make semolina flour for pasta and bulghur; high in protein, specifically, gluten protein. [79] [80] Hard Red Spring – Hard, brownish, high-protein wheat used for bread and hard ...
Hayden Flour Mills has been cultivating a 6,000-year-old wheat called White Sonoran that took 17 years to grow out from a handful of seeds. It is the oldest strain of wheat in North America.
Graham flour in a bowl. Graham flour is a type of coarse-ground flour of whole wheat named after Sylvester Graham. It is similar to conventional whole-wheat flour in that both are made from the whole grain, but graham flour is ground more coarsely. It is not sifted ("bolted") with a flour dresser after milling. [1]