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These marriages often failed, as would be expected according to the Westermarck hypothesis. [ 4 ] Studies show that cousin-marriage in Lebanon has a lower success rate if the cousins were raised in sibling-like conditions, first-cousin unions being more successful in Pakistan if there was a substantial age difference, as well as reduced marital ...
Other studies have claimed that contact hypothesis is very simple and optimistic and that contact would most likely gravitate toward hostility rather than friendship if two competitive parties were involved. If groups with a negative outlook were brought together, it would lead to increases of negative attitudes rather than positive. [15]
Bicameral mentality is a hypothesis introduced by Julian Jaynes who argued human ancestors as late as the ancient Greeks did not consider emotions and desires as stemming from their own minds but as the consequences of actions of gods external to themselves.
Closely related to Spearman's hypothesis is the hypothesis that the magnitude of certain group differences correlates with within-group heritability estimates. Arthur Jensen and J. Phillippe Rushton , for example, reported in 2010 that the found psychometric meta-analytic correlation between g-loadings and heritability estimates was 1.
Many cultures throughout history have speculated on the nature of the mind, heart, soul, spirit, brain, etc. For instance, in Ancient Egypt, the Edwin Smith Papyrus contains an early description of the brain, and some speculations on its functions (described in a medical/surgical context) and the descriptions could be related to Imhotep who was the first Egyptian physician who anatomized and ...
In personality psychology, the lexical hypothesis [1] (also known as the fundamental lexical hypothesis, [2] lexical approach, [3] or sedimentation hypothesis [4]) generally includes two postulates: 1. Those personality characteristics that are important to a group of people will eventually become a part of that group's language. [5] and that ...
Many psychological disorders have a window of vulnerability, during which time an individual is more likely to develop a disorder than others. [11] Diathesis–stress models are often conceptualized as multi-causal developmental models, which propose that multiple risk factors over the course of development interact with stressors and ...
(Two class problems are typical.) The framework is thus in many ways similar to that of concept learning . In contrast to earlier association-type theories, the Hypothesis Theory argues that subjects solve this problem (i.e., learn the correct response to each stimulus), by testing a series of hypotheses about the relation of the cue values ...