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In particle physics, the electroweak interaction or electroweak force is the unified description of two of the fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism (electromagnetic interaction) and the weak interaction. Although these two forces appear very different at everyday low energies, the theory models them as two different aspects of ...
The theory describing its behaviour and effects is sometimes called quantum flavordynamics (QFD); however, the term QFD is rarely used, because the weak force is better understood by electroweak theory (EWT). [1] The effective range of the weak force is limited to subatomic distances and is less than the diameter of a proton. [2]
The electroweak sector is a Yang–Mills gauge theory with the symmetry group U(1) × SU(2) L, = ¯ + ¯ + ¯ + ¯ + ¯, where the subscript sums over the three generations of fermions; ,, and are the left-handed doublet, right-handed singlet up type, and right handed singlet down type quark fields; and and are the left-handed doublet and right ...
The electroweak force only existed at temperatures approaching 10 15 Kelvin (about 1,800,000,000,000,000 ºF), which is why you’re not seeing much electroweak action nowadays.
These theories predict that for each electroweak Higgs doublet, there is a corresponding colored Higgs triplet field with a very small mass (many orders of magnitude smaller than the GUT scale here). In theory, unifying quarks with leptons , the Higgs doublet would also be unified with a Higgs triplet.
Electromagnetism and the weak force are now understood to be two aspects of a unified electroweak interaction — this discovery was the first step toward the unified theory known as the Standard Model. In the theory of the electroweak interaction, the carriers of the weak force are the massive gauge bosons called the W and Z bosons.
The discovery of weak neutral currents was a significant step toward the unification of electromagnetism and the weak force into the electroweak force, and led to the discovery of the W and Z bosons. In simple terms
In 1963, American physicist Sheldon Glashow proposed that the weak nuclear force, electricity, and magnetism could arise from a partially unified electroweak theory. In 1967, Pakistani Abdus Salam and American Steven Weinberg independently revised Glashow's theory by having the masses for the W particle and Z particle arise through spontaneous ...