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  2. Lever rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever_rule

    In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (x i) or the mass fraction (w i) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram.It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.

  3. Phase diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_diagram

    Another type of binary phase diagram is a boiling-point diagram for a mixture of two components, i. e. chemical compounds. For two particular volatile components at a certain pressure such as atmospheric pressure , a boiling-point diagram shows what vapor (gas) compositions are in equilibrium with given liquid compositions depending on temperature.

  4. Eutectic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutectic_system

    A phase diagram for a fictitious binary chemical mixture (with the two components denoted by A and B) used to depict the eutectic composition, temperature, and point. ( L denotes the liquid state.) A eutectic system or eutectic mixture ( / j uː ˈ t ɛ k t ɪ k / yoo- TEK -tik ) [ 1 ] is a type of a homogeneous mixture that has a melting point ...

  5. Phase rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_rule

    For binary mixtures of two chemically independent components, C = 2 so that F = 4 − P. In addition to temperature and pressure, the other degree of freedom is the composition of each phase, often expressed as mole fraction or mass fraction of one component. [6] Boiling Point Diagram

  6. Vapor–liquid equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor–liquid_equilibrium

    The preceding equilibrium equations are typically applied for each phase (liquid or vapor) individually, but the result can be plotted in a single diagram. In a binary boiling-point diagram, temperature (T ) (or sometimes pressure) is graphed vs. x 1. At any given temperature (or pressure) where both phases are present, vapor with a certain ...

  7. Solid solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solution

    A binary phase diagram displaying solid solutions over the full range of relative concentrations. On a phase diagram a solid solution is represented by an area, often labeled with the structure type, which covers the compositional and temperature/pressure ranges. Where the end members are not isostructural there are likely to be two solid ...

  8. CALPHAD - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CALPHAD

    CALPHAD stands for Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry, a methodology introduced in 1970 by Larry Kaufman, originally known as CALculation of PHAse Diagrams. [1] [2] [3] An equilibrium phase diagram is usually a diagram with axes for temperature and composition of a chemical system. It shows the regions where substances or ...

  9. Scheil equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheil_equation

    A key concept that might be used for applications is the (numerical) derivative of the solid fraction fs with temperature. A numerical example using a copper zinc alloy at composition Zn 30% in weight is proposed as an example here using the opposite sign for using both temperature and its derivative in the same graph.