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Waist-to-height ratio: the average ratio for US college competitive swimmers is 0.424 (women) and 0.428 (men); the ratios for a (US) normally healthy man or woman is 0.46–0.53 and 0.45–0.49 respectively; the ratio ranges beyond 0.63 for morbidly obese individuals. [15]
The wall-to-wall turning circle is the minimum distance between two walls, both of which exceed the height of the vehicle, in which the vehicle can make a U-turn. The kerb-to-kerb turning circle is the minimum distance between two raised curbs, both of which are lower than the lowest body protrusions, in which the vehicle can make a U-turn.
The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR, [a] or WSR: waist-to-stature ratio) is the waist circumference divided by body height, both measured in the same units. WHtR is a measure of the distribution of body fat. Higher values of WHtR indicate higher risk of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases, which are correlated with abdominal obesity. [1]
Special care should be taken in depressed highways, where piers and walls should be placed at least 2 feet (0.61 m) beyond the outer edge of either shoulder. Slopes in the clear zone should be at most 1:4, and should typically be 1:6. Curbs: No curb is to be placed nearer to the roadway than the outside edge of the paved shoulder. Any curb is ...
In 1974, the Dixon company coined the term zero-turn radius on their entrance into the mower market. [1] In 2009, the Hustler Zeon became the first fully electric zero-turn mower, with four 12-volt lead acid batteries. As of 2023 most fully electric zero turn mowers use lithium ion batteries ranging from 40 to 80 volts. [2] [3]
Ride height or ground clearance is the amount of space between the base of an automobile tire and the lowest point of the automobile, typically the bottom exterior of the differential housing (even though the lower shock mounting point may be lower); or, more properly, to the shortest distance between a flat, level surface, and the lowest part ...
Where the waist is convex rather than concave, as in pregnancy and obesity, the waist may be measured at a vertical level 1 inch above the navel. [3] Strictly, the waist circumference is measured at a level midway between the lowest palpable rib and the iliac crest, [4] respectively typically 60% and 64% of total height. [5]
The bicycle is the most efficient human-powered means of transportation in terms of energy a person must expend to travel a given distance. [51] From a mechanical viewpoint, up to 99% of the energy delivered by the rider into the pedals is transmitted to the wheels, although the use of gearing mechanisms may reduce this by 10–15%.