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Signs of hyperestrogenism may include heightened levels of one or more of the estrogen sex hormones (usually estradiol and/or estrone), lowered levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and/or luteinizing hormone (due to suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis by estrogen), and lowered levels of androgens such as testosterone (generally only relevant to males). [1]
Additionally, levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) increase with age and bind with less affinity to estrogen than androgens. [29] Put together, the elevated ratio of estrogen to androgen leads to gynecomastia, also known as senile gynecomastia in this group. [26] There is a 24–65% prevalence of senile gynecomastia in older males. [26]
Too much estrogen in a male body is not a good thing; it can cause erectile dysfunction, or low libido." Elevated levels can also strain the heart and cause other muscle and ligament damage.
Hypergonadism is a condition where there is a hyperfunction of the gonads. [1] It can manifest as precocious puberty, and is caused by abnormally high levels of testosterone or estrogen, crucial hormones for sexual development.
This may shift the hormonal balance between androgens and estrogens toward having too much estrogen, which may increase the risk of prostate cancer. Conversely, finasteride has been found to ...
Conversely, “with too much testosterone, women often have acne, too much hair on the body, hair loss on the head, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, skipped cycles, or problems ...
Estradiol affects target tissues mainly by interacting with two nuclear receptors called estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ). [ 36 ] [ 37 ] One of the functions of these estrogen receptors is the modulation of gene expression .
For women, a drop in estrogen can cause weight gain, particularly in the abdomen (aka menopause belly). For men, low testosterone is linked to an increase in fat mass. Men with obesity are more ...
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