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The sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) is a specific sequential hypothesis test, developed by Abraham Wald [1] and later proven to be optimal by Wald and Jacob Wolfowitz. [2] Neyman and Pearson's 1933 result inspired Wald to reformulate it as a sequential analysis problem.
The reality is that entry to both OC and Selective High School classes is via standardized testing that focuses on ability in mathematics, english and general ability (basically an IQ-style test), and that there are fewer places available for entry to OC (~1800) than to Selective High School (4214 places in 2015 [5]), so in theory it is 'harder ...
A variables sampling plan can be designed so that the OC curve passes through two points (AQL,) and (LQL,). AQL and LQL are the Acceptable quality limit and the limiting quality level respectively. α {\displaystyle \alpha } and β {\displaystyle \beta } are the producer and consumer's risks.
A medical test might measure the level of a certain protein in a blood sample and classify any number above a certain threshold as indicating disease. The experimenter can adjust the threshold (green vertical line in the figure), which will in turn change the false positive rate.
Multiple testing procedures are sometimes used to compensate, but that is often difficult or impossible to do precisely. Post hoc analysis that is conducted and interpreted without adequate consideration of this problem is sometimes called data dredging by critics because the statistical associations that it finds are often spurious.
Illustration of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic. The red line is a model CDF, the blue line is an empirical CDF, and the black arrow is the KS statistic.. Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (K–S test or KS test) is a nonparametric test of the equality of continuous (or discontinuous, see Section 2.2), one-dimensional probability distributions that can be used to test whether a sample came from a ...
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Scanning of the sample can be accomplished by either scanning the light on the sample, or by moving the sample under test. A linear scan will yield a two-dimensional data set corresponding to a cross-sectional image (X-Z axes scan), whereas an area scan achieves a three-dimensional data set corresponding to a volumetric image (X-Y-Z axes scan).