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Anticholinergic drugs are used to treat a variety of conditions: Dizziness (including vertigo and motion sickness-related symptoms) Extrapyramidal symptoms, a potential side-effect of antipsychotic medications; Gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., peptic ulcers, diarrhea, pyloro spasm, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, nausea, and vomiting)
Common Examples Mechanism of benefit and effect Side effects, caution & contraindications Remarks Beta-blockers: Metoprolol; Atenolol; Bisoprolol; Block beta-1 receptors in the heart → stop the effects of catecholamines on the heart→ reduce heart rate, heart contractility and conduction velocity → reduce the workload of the heart [15 ...
Brompheniramine's effects on the cholinergic system may include side-effects such as drowsiness, sedation, dry mouth, dry throat, blurred vision, and increased heart rate. It is listed as one of the drugs of highest anticholinergic activity in a study of anticholinergenic burden, including long-term cognitive impairment.
Drug-induced arrhythmia worsened by anticholinergics' side effect of tachycardia. Parkinson's disease, e.g. levodopa. Atropine decreases the absorption of levodopa. Preventing travel sickness, relieve stomach cramps or spasms, e.g. hyoscine. Additive effect. Nausea and vomiting, e.g. cyclizine. Additive effect.
The effect is to prevent spasms of the stomach, intestine or urinary bladder. Both dicyclomine and hyoscyamine are antispasmodic due to their anticholinergic action. [medical citation needed] Both of these drugs have side effects common to anticholinergics and can worsen gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [2]
The drug regulates behaviour and thoughts, and can also exhibit an anti-depressive effect. [3] [8] The side effect profile is similar to related antipsychotic agents, displaying weight gain, mental distress, and inability to sit still. Other possible symptoms include anticholinergic side effects such as insomnia, blurred vision, and dry mouth.
Dry throat is the most common side effect. If the medication gets in contact with the eyes, it may cause blurred vision for a brief time. The use of anticholinergics in combination with short-acting β 2-adrenergic agonists has been shown to reduce hospital admissions in children and adults with acute asthma exacerbations. [4] [5]
It has weak antipsychotic effects but is generally not used to treat psychoses. [3] It acts similar to chlorpromazine and causes sedation. [3] It has predominantly anticholinergic side effects, though extrapyramidal side effects are not uncommon. It belongs to the typical antipsychotic and phenothiazine class of drugs. [5]